The dead woman was identified as 41-year-old Lillian Randolph. She was pronounced dead early Sunday morning at Roseland Community Hospital.
A fire official said the fire appears to have been caused by a space heater.
Authorities also said no working smoke detectors were found in the building.
"Could that life have been saved? Just by a smoke detector. Had the owner of the building maybe have had one in? And they are just so easy to acquire," said 34th Ward Ald. Carrie Austin.
(The Associated Press contributed to this report.)