Jacqueline Kennedy, of Country Club Hills, faces charges including identity theft, filing false tax claims plus mail and wire fraud.
Kennedy owned ATAP Financial Enterprises, ATAP Tax and Business Solutions, and ATAP tax services. All were located on Chicago's South Side.
Kennedy and 14 associates are accused of preparing false federal income tax returns for clients and then claiming more than $1 million in tax refunds.
Prosecutors say they collected nearly $9 million in state unemployment benefits in Illinois, Indiana and Minnesota by using fake businesses and employees.
