The Cook County Medical Examiner's Office identified the woman as 28-year-old Jaylene Escamilla of Addison, Illinois.
The crash happened around 2:30 a.m. in the 12100 block of West Irving Park Road in Bensenville, Chicago police said.
The vehicle, which had four people inside, crashed into a median guard rail and flipped several times. Escamilla was ejected from the vehicle. She was taken to a hospital, where she was pronounced.
Two other people who were in the car, a 50-year-old woman and 30-year-old man, were treated by paramedics at the scene of the crash, police said. A fourth person, a 45-year-old man, was seriously injured and taken to a hospital.
No further information about the cause of the crash was immediately available.
Charges are pending, Chicago police said.