ISP said the crash happened around 5:40 p.m. on Interstate 80, east of Ridge Road, in Minooka.
The semi's driver was heading eastbound when the truck went off the roadway, through the median and rolled over, ISP said.
A helicopter transported the injured driver to a local hospital. Their condition was not immediately known.
All I-80 westbound lanes and the left lane of I-80 eastbound are shut down.
ISP said lane closures are expected to last at least three hours.
Further information was not immediately available.