The fire broke out at about 2:16 a.m. in the 3400-block of West Monroe Street.
A woman and 4-year-old child were out of the building when authorities arrived and extinguished the fire, police said.
Firefighters found a 61-year-old man unresponsive and took him to Stroger Hospital, where he was later pronounced dead, police said.
He's been identified as Alfred Marcus.
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The woman and 4-year-old child were both taken to Stroger Hospital as a precaution, with both listed in good condition.
The victim's family said he lived on the first floor of the apartment building with other relatives.
Everyone else who lived in the building was able to make it out safely, family said, except for Marcus.
Devastated by the loss, they said this is a tragedy.
The cause of the fire is under investigation.