Police said the crash happened in the West Englewood neighborhood's 6700-block of South Damen Avenue around 11:20 p.m.
Two men were heading southbound on Damen Avenue in a black SUV when they collided with the motorcycle, which was traveling eastbound.
The motorcyclist, a 36-year-old woman, and her passenger, a 9-year-old girl, suffered critical injuries.
The woman was transported to the University of Chicago Medical Center, where she was later pronounced dead. Her name was not immediately released.
The child was taken to Comer Children's Hospital.
The men in the SUV were not injured.
CPD's Major Accidents Unit is investigating. What caused the crash was not immediately clear.
Authorities did not immediately provide further information about the crash.