ISP said troopers responded to the two-vehicle crash on northbound Interstate 94, south of Illinois Route 120 near Gurnee, just before 5 a.m.
Two people were transported to a local hospital, ISP said.
One of those injured was later pronounced dead. Their identity was not immediately released.
ISP said three lanes were closed and reopened just after 10:45 a.m.
What led up to the crash was not immediately clear.
Authorities did not immediately provide further information about the crash.