Legislation known as the Rideshare Drivers' Union Bill passed both the Illinois House and Senate overnight.
It gives drivers the right to collectively bargain for better pay and higher standards on the job.
The measure now heads to Governor JB Pritzker's desk for signature into state law.
Lawmakers also passed a major piece of legislation, affecting Illinois school children.
It will ban the use of cell phones during the school day.
Governor JB Pritzker issued a statement applauding the action and said he looks forward to signing the bill into law.
Lawmakers also passed a bill to improve state programs that help victims of crime.
Attorney General Kwame Raoul says the legislation will provide more resources and support to victims, and the medical facilities that treat them.
The measure still needs Governor Pritzker's approval.