The man was pulled from the water in the 300-block of West Belmont Avenue in Lakeview just before 10:20 a.m., CPD said.
He was pronounced dead on the scene, police said.
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Area Three Detectives are conducting a death investigation, pending autopsy results.
Video of the scene showed part of the lakefront trail blocked by police tape about 11 a.m.
It was not immediately clear how the man ended up in the water.