ISP said troopers responded to the crash on eastbound I-290 at 1st Avenue in Maywood just after 8:30 p.m.
One person was transported to a local hospital, where they were later pronounced dead, ISP said. Their name was not immediately released.
Two lanes of traffic were closed for an investigation until around midnight.
The crash happened on as hundreds of motorcyclists descended on the Chicago area on Thursday evening into Friday morning.
A group was seen on the Dan Ryan Expressway at 31st Street around 2 a.m., and some were spotted popping wheelies on the inbound lanes of the Eisenhower Expressway around 4 a.m.
It is unclear if the motorcyclists involved in the crash were part of the group.
What caused the crash was not immediately clear.
Authorities are investigating and did not immediately provide further information.