The crash happened around 1:59 a.m. near Randall Road and Stearns Road in South Elgin, police said.
A vehicle was driving at the location when it left the roadway for an unknown reason and struck a traffic sign, a street light pole, an electrical utility pole and a tree, police said.
The driver, 46-year-old Erin Vitale of South Elgin, was taken to a hospital, where she was later pronounced dead.
No further information was immediately available.