Wheeling police said officers responded to a report of a child believed to be missing in the water behind homes in the 1600-block of Ottawa Court around 8:20 p.m.
A neighbor told first responders that they had heard a loud splash coming from the pond shortly before the 8-year-old boy was reported missing.
Officers and fire officials searched the pond, where they found the child unresponsive. The boy was taken to a local hospital, where he was pronounced dead.
Investigators have found no evidence of foul play.
Police are investigating the child's death.